Gobustan National Park, located about 60 kilometers southwest of Baku, is a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its exceptional collection of ancient rock carvings, also known as petroglyphs. The park covers an area of approximately 537 hectares and is home to some of the most significant prehistoric rock art in the world.
Gobustan’s rock carvings date back between 5,000 and 40,000 years, offering a remarkable insight into the lives, beliefs, and artistic expressions of prehistoric humans. The petroglyphs depict scenes of hunting, rituals, dance, and daily life, providing a visual narrative of humanity’s early history. The site also features ancient burial mounds and megalithic structures, further enriching its archaeological importance.
In addition to its cultural heritage, Gobustan is famous for its unique geological formations, including mud volcanoes. These volcanoes, of which Azerbaijan has the highest number in the world, are small, active cones that sporadically erupt with mud and gas, creating a surreal landscape.
Visitors to Gobustan National Park can explore its numerous rock shelters and open-air galleries, where the petroglyphs are carefully preserved. The park also has a modern museum that offers interactive displays and detailed explanations of the site’s history and significance. Guided tours are available, helping visitors to fully appreciate the rich cultural and geological heritage of the area.
Interesting Facts
- Gobustan National Park is one of the largest open-air museums in the world.
- The park’s mud volcanoes are a geological curiosity and a must-see for visitors interested in natural phenomena.